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A

Acquired hepatocerebral degeneration

Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis (ADEM)

Acute Hemorrhage

Acute Ischemic Stroke

Adult Onset Alexander's Disease

Alzheimer's Disease

Ankylosing spondylitis

Arterial Dissection

Arteriovenous malformation

Artery of Percheron infarct

Aseptic meningitis

Atypical Teratoid/Rhabdoid Tumor (AT/RT)

Autosomal Recessive Spastic Ataxia of Charlevoix-Saguenay (ARSACS)

B

Balo's concentric sclerosis

Basilar artery fenestration

Benign parietal thinning

Beta propeller protein associated neurodegeneration

Biotin responsive basal ganglia disease

C

CSF-venous fistula

Capillary telangiectasia

Carbon monoxide poisoning

Cauda equina compression

Causes of microhemorrhages

Central vein sign

Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy (CAA)

Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy-Related Inflammation (CAA-ri)

Cerebral Autosomal Dominant Arteriopathy with Subcortical Infarcts and Leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL)

Cerebral Malaria

Cerebral Proliferative Angiopathy (CPA)

Cerebral abscess

Cerebral metastasis

Cerebral microhemorrhages

Chiari I malformation

Cholesterol granuloma

Choroid plexus xanthogranuloma

Clival metastasis

Coenzyme q10 deficiency

Col4a1 related brain small vessel disease

Compressive myelopathy

Cortical laminar necrosis

Cortical vein thrombosis

Corticobasal Degeneration (CBD)

Craniopharyngioma

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD)

Cross cerebellar diaschisis

Csf1r related leukoencephalopathy

Cytotoxic lesion of the corpus callosum

D

Developmental Venous Anomaly (DVA)

Diffuse Axonal Injury (DAI)

Diffuse hemispheric glioma

Diffuse midline glioma

Drop metastases

Dural arteriovenous fistula

Dural venous sinus thrombosis

Dysembryoplastic Neuroepithelial Tumor (DNET)

E

Ecchordosis physaliphora

Embolic infarcts

Endolymphatic Sac Tumor

Enlarged perivascular spaces

Epidermoid cyst

Epidural abscess

Epidural hematoma

F

Facial schwannoma

Falx ossification

Fat embolisation syndrome

Fibromuscular Dysplasia (FMD)

Fibrous dysplasia

Focal Cortical Dysplasia (FCD)

Free floating thrombus

Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD)

Fungal sinusitis

G

Giant cell arteritis

Glomus tympanicum

Grey matter heterotopia

H

HIV encephalopathy

HIV-associated myelopathy

HTLV-1 associated myelopathy

Hemangioblastoma

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis

Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) encephalitis

Huntingdon's disease

Hyperacute ischemic stroke

Hypertensive microangiopathy

Hypertrophic olivary degeneration

Hypertrophic pachymeningitis

Hypoglossal schwannoma

I

IgG4-related disease

Intracerebral hemorrhage

Intracranial aneursym

Intracranial lipoma

Intradiploic epidermoid

Intraosseous hemangioma

Intravascular lymphoma

Ischemic stroke

J

Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma

K

Kikuchi-Fujimoto Disease

L

L-2 hydroxyglutaric Aciduria

LMNB1-related Autosomal Dominant Leukodystrophy

Labrune syndrome

Labyrinthitis ossificans

Leptomeningeal carcinomatosis

Levamisole induced leukoencephalopathy

Lhermitte-Duclos Syndrome

Libman Sacks endocarditis

Linear scleroderma

Low grade glioma

M

Medulloblastoma

Meningeal melanocytosis

Mesial temporal sclerosis

Mitochondrial Encephalopathy with Lactic Acidosis and Stroke-like Episodes (MELAS)

Motor Neurone Disease (MND)

Moyamoya syndrome

Multinodular and Vacuolating Neuronal Tumor (MVNT)

Multiple Sclerosis (MS)

Multisystem Atrophy - Cerebellar Type (MSA-C)

Multisystem Atrophy - Parkinsonian Type (MSA-P)

N

Neurenteric cyst

Neuro behcets disease

Neurofibromatosis type 1

Non germinomatous germ cell tumor

Normal pressure hydrocephalus

O

Olfactory neuroblastoma

Oligodendroglioma

Optic nerve sheath meningioma

Optic pathway glioma

Ossification of the falx cerebri

Ossificiation of the Posterior Longitudinal Ligament (OPLL)

Ossificiation of the posterior longitudinal ligament

P

Parotid abscess

Pembrolizumab associated brainstem encephalitis

Perineural spread of tumor

Petrous cephalocele

Pilocytic Astrocytoma (PCA)

Pineal tumor of intermediate differentiation

Pituitary apoplexy

Pituitary macroadenoma

Pituitary microadenoma

Posterior Cerebral Artery (PCA) infarct

Posterior Cortical Atrophy (PCA)

Primary CNS lymphoma

Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML)

Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP)

R

Radiation induced cerebral vasculopathy

Radiation necrosis

Rathke's cleft cyst

Remote cerebellar hemorrhage

Reversible Cerebral Vasoconstriction Syndrome (RCVS)

S

Secondary cns lymphoma

Semantic dementia

Sigmoid sinus dehiscence

Silent sinus syndrome

Skull base metastasis

Solitary fibrous tumor

Spinal CSF leak

Spinal chondrosarcoma

Spinal cord infarct

Spinal cord infarction

Spinal cord lipoma

Spinal hemangioblastoma

Spinal meningioma

Spinal schwannoma

Spinoerebellar Ataxia (SCA)

Stroke-like Migraine Attacks after Radiation Therapy (SMART)

Sturge-Weber Syndrome

Subacute Combined Degeneration of the Cord (SACD)

Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (SAH)

Subdural empyema

Subdural hematoma

Subdural hygroma

Superior sagittal sinus

Superior semicircular canal dehiscence syndrome

Sylvian aqueduct stenosis

T

Takayasus arteritis

Transient Global Amnesia (TGA)

Trigeminal artery

Trigeminal neuralgia

Trigeminal schwannoma

Tumefactive demyelination

Tumefactive perivascular spaces

V

Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV) Vasculitis

Vascular dementia

Vein of Galen malformation

Vertebral artery dissection

Vertebral hemangioma

Vertebral mestasis

Vertebral metastasis

Vestibular schwannoma

W

Warthin's tumor